God damn it, zgin, I need to go to sleep.
He adds that the unarmed man did not save himself; he was saved by a friend.
Reference of the "he" after the semicolon is unclear. Was "He" saved by a friend or was "the unarmed man?"
By comparing himself to the unarmed man, Douglass engages the reader, and allows him/her to feel his gleeful emotions.
Again, too many pronouns. Something like, "Douglass, comparing himself to the unarmed man, engages the reader by sharing his glee," would be easier to follow. Or, "...engages the audience by sharing his glee."
In this excerpt, Douglass first describes his setting; alone in the crowd.
This sentence might make sense in context. As it is, the clause after the semicolon again has an unclear reference. Douglass is alone in the crowd? The setting is alone in the crowd?
Surrounded by food; Douglass is hungry, surrounded by shelter; he is without a
home.
Actually, quite nice, except the semicolon is in the wrong place. Should be, "Surrounded by food, Douglass is hungry; surrounded by shelter, he is without a home."
Douglass separates himself by referring to others as beasts; he feels like the only human in New York.
This is fine.
Upon his arrival in New York, his feelings changed from relief in his freedom, to isolation, loneliness, and fear.
No comma needed after "freedom." Otherwise, fine.
Douglass finds he cannot escape his fear of betrayal, capture, and death. How can he; without food,
without shelter, without a friend?
The second sentence has no verb. How can he...what?