Adarq.org
Performance Area => Peer Reviewed Studies Discussion => Topic started by: adarqui on June 27, 2009, 01:25:13 am
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Post any studies related to restoration following sport or events. Hard to find comprehensive studies on this, but look at the first one as an example.
Also post any studies related to the physiology of sports; energy system break down, vo2, lactate levels, etc.
1. Time-course of Changes in Inflammatory and Performance Responses Following a Soccer Game: 2328: Board #108 May 30 3:30 PM - 5:00 PM
[F-23 Free Communication/Poster - Exercise Immunology: MAY 30, 2008 1:00 PM - 6:00 PM: ROOM: Hall B]
VJ decreased (P<0.05) 24-h after the game and returned to pre-game values 72-h following the game. 1RM decreased (P<0.05) after the game, reached its lowest value at 48-h post-game, and returned to pre-game levels 96-h after the game. Sprinting ability declined (P<0.05) post-game, reached its lowest value 48-h post-game, and returned to pregame levels after 120-h. An acute phase inflammatory response consisted of a post-game peak of leukocyte count, cytokines and cortisol, a 24 h peak of CRP, TBARS, and DOMS, a 48 h peak of CK, LDH, and PC, and a 72 h peak of uric acid.
2. The effect of recovery strategies on physical performance and cumulative fatigue in competitive basketball
Sprint and agility performance decreased by 0.7% (s = 1.3) and 2.0% (s = 1.9) respectively. Vertical jump decreased substantially after the first day for all treatments, and remained suppressed post-tournament. Cold water immersion was substantially better in maintaining 20-m acceleration with only a 0.5% (s = 1.4) reduction in 20-m time after 3 days compared with a 3.2% (s = 1.6) reduction for compression. Cold water immersion (-1.4%, s = 1.7) and compression (-1.5%, s = 1.7) showed similar substantial benefits in maintaining line-drill performance over the tournament, whereas carbohydrate + stretching elicited a 0.4% (s = 1.8) reduction. Sit-and-reach flexibility decreased for all groups, although cold water immersion resulted in the smallest reduction in flexibility. In conclusion, cold water immersion appears to promote better restoration of physical performance measures than carbohydrate + stretching routines and compression garments.
3. Physiological demands of competitive basketball
The aim of this study was to assess physiological demands of competitive basketball by measuring oxygen consumption (VO2) and other variables during practice games. Each of 12 players (20.4 ± 1.1 years) was monitored in a 20-min practice game, which was conducted in the same way as actual games with the presence of referees and coaches. VO2 was measured by a portable system during the game and blood lactate concentration (LA) was measured in brief breaks. Subjects were also videotaped for time-motion analysis. Female and male players demonstrated respective VO2 of 33.4 ± 4.0 and 36.9 ± 2.6 mL/kg/min and LA of 3.2 ± 0.9 and 4.2 ± 1.3 mmol/L in the practice games (P>0.05). They spent 34.1% of play time running and jumping, 56.8% walking, and 9.0% standing. Pre-obtained VO2max was correlated to VO2 during play (r=0.673) and to percent of duration for running and jumping (r=0.935 and 0.962 for females and males, respectively). This study demonstrated a greater oxygen uptake for competitive basketball than that estimated based on a previous compendium. The correlation between aerobic capacity and activity level suggests the potential benefit of aerobic conditioning in basketball.
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http://www.acsm-msse.org/pt/re/msse/fulltext.00005768-200805001-02505.htm;jsessionid=KFpRKyGY0whbFbNbXj3fYfhRn06jncp9J1PQdD20rykLh68L65yn!-631714950!181195629!8091!-1
Time-course of Changes in Inflammatory and Performance Responses Following a Soccer Game: 2328: Board #108 May 30 3:30 PM - 5:00 PM
[F-23 Free Communication/Poster - Exercise Immunology: MAY 30, 2008 1:00 PM - 6:00 PM: ROOM: Hall B]
Fatouros, Ioannis G.1; Chatzinikolaou, Athanasios1; Ispirlidis, Ioannis1; Jamurtas, Athanasios Z.2; Nikolaidis, Michalis G.3; Michailidis, Ioannis4; Douroudos, Ioannis1; Margonis, Konstantinos1; Taxildaris, Kiriakos1
1Democritus University of Thrace, Department of Physical Education & Sport Science, Komotini, Greece. 2University Of Thessaly, Department Of Physical Education & Sports Sciences, Trikala, Greece. 3Institute of Human Performance and Rehabilitation, Centre for Research and Technology, TRIKALA, Greece. 4Democritus University Of Thrace, Komotini, Greece.
Email: fatouros@otenet.gr
(No relationships reported)
A competitive soccer season includes weekly micro-cycles consisting of training, taper, competition, and recovery. The ability of soccer players to fully recover prior to their next major competition is crucial not only for their performance but for injury prevention as well. Information on the time-course of changes in the acute phase inflammatory response, soreness, pain, and performance after a single soccer game is scarce.
PURPOSE: to study the effects of a single soccer game on indices of performance, muscle damage and inflammation during a 6-day recovery period.
METHODS: Twenty-four elite male soccer players (20.1 ± 0.8 yrs, 1.78 ± 0.08 m, 75.2 ± 6.8 kg) were assigned to either an experimental group (E, n=14, played in a game) or a control group (C, n=10, did not participate in the game). Muscle strength, vertical jumping, speed, DOMS, muscle swelling, leukocyte count, creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), cortisol, testosterone, cytokines IL-6 and IL-1?, TBARS, protein carbnyls (PC) and uric acid were measured prior to the game and immediately post-game as well as 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, and 144 hours following the game.
RESULTS: VJ decreased (P<0.05) 24-h after the game and returned to pre-game values 72-h following the game. 1RM decreased (P<0.05) after the game, reached its lowest value at 48-h post-game, and returned to pre-game levels 96-h after the game. Sprinting ability declined (P<0.05) post-game, reached its lowest value 48-h post-game, and returned to pregame levels after 120-h. An acute phase inflammatory response consisted of a post-game peak of leukocyte count, cytokines and cortisol, a 24 h peak of CRP, TBARS, and DOMS, a 48 h peak of CK, LDH, and PC, and a 72 h peak of uric acid.
CONCLUSIONS: a single soccer game induces short-term muscle damage and marked but transient inflammatory responses. Anaerobic performance seems to deteriorate for as long as 72 h post-game. The acute phase inflammatory response in soccer appears to follow the same pattern as in other forms of exercise. These results clearly indicate the need of sufficient recovery for elite soccer players following a game.
The effect of recovery strategies on physical performance and cumulative fatigue in competitive basketball
To evaluate the effectiveness of recovery strategies on physical performance during a 3-day tournament style basketball competition, 29 male players (mean age 19.1 years, s = 2.1; height 1.84 m, s = 0.34; body mass 88.5 kg, s = 14.7) were assigned to one of three treatment groups: carbohydrate + stretching (7.7 g · kg -1 · day -1, s = 1.7; 'n = 9), cold water immersion (11°C, 5 times 1; n = 10) or full leg compression garments (18 mmHg, ?18 h; n = 10). Effects of the recovery strategies on pre-post tournament performance tests were expressed as the mean change (% ± standard deviation of the change score). Changes and differences were standardized for accumulated game time, assessed against the smallest worthwhile change for each test, and reported qualitatively. Accumulated fatigue was evident over the tournament with small to moderate impairments in performance tests. Sprint and agility performance decreased by 0.7% (s = 1.3) and 2.0% (s = 1.9) respectively. Vertical jump decreased substantially after the first day for all treatments, and remained suppressed post-tournament. Cold water immersion was substantially better in maintaining 20-m acceleration with only a 0.5% (s = 1.4) reduction in 20-m time after 3 days compared with a 3.2% (s = 1.6) reduction for compression. Cold water immersion (-1.4%, s = 1.7) and compression (-1.5%, s = 1.7) showed similar substantial benefits in maintaining line-drill performance over the tournament, whereas carbohydrate + stretching elicited a 0.4% (s = 1.8) reduction. Sit-and-reach flexibility decreased for all groups, although cold water immersion resulted in the smallest reduction in flexibility. Basketball tournament play elicited small to moderate impairments in physical test performance. In conclusion, cold water immersion appears to promote better restoration of physical performance measures than carbohydrate + stretching routines and compression garments.
Physiological demands of competitive basketball
The aim of this study was to assess physiological demands of competitive basketball by measuring oxygen consumption (VO2) and other variables during practice games. Each of 12 players (20.4 ± 1.1 years) was monitored in a 20-min practice game, which was conducted in the same way as actual games with the presence of referees and coaches. VO2 was measured by a portable system during the game and blood lactate concentration (LA) was measured in brief breaks. Subjects were also videotaped for time-motion analysis. Female and male players demonstrated respective VO2 of 33.4 ± 4.0 and 36.9 ± 2.6 mL/kg/min and LA of 3.2 ± 0.9 and 4.2 ± 1.3 mmol/L in the practice games (P>0.05). They spent 34.1% of play time running and jumping, 56.8% walking, and 9.0% standing. Pre-obtained VO2max was correlated to VO2 during play (r=0.673) and to percent of duration for running and jumping (r=0.935 and 0.962 for females and males, respectively). This study demonstrated a greater oxygen uptake for competitive basketball than that estimated based on a previous compendium. The correlation between aerobic capacity and activity level suggests the potential benefit of aerobic conditioning in basketball.